Month: December 2020

Net domestic product (NDP) is an annual measure of the economic output of a nation that is adjusted to account for depreciation and is calculated by subtracting depreciation from the gross domestic product (GDP).

Make to order (MTO), or made to order, is a business production strategy that typically allows consumers to purchase products that are customized to their specifications. It is a manufacturing process in which the production of an item begins only after a confirmed customer order is received. It is also known as mass customization.

Net domestic product (NDP) is an annual measure of the economic output of a nation that is adjusted to account for depreciation and is calculated by subtracting depreciation from the gross domestic product (GDP).

The National Stock Exchange of India Limited (NSE) is India’s largest financial market. Incorporated in 1992, the NSE has developed into a sophisticated, electronic market, which ranked fourth in the world by equity trading volume in 2015. Trading commenced in 1994 with the launch of the wholesale debt market and a cash market segment shortly thereafter.

Backup withholding is a tax that is levied on investment income, at an established tax rate, as the investor withdraws it. For payments not subject to withholding, payers are required to withhold the tax. Backup withholding helps to ensure that government tax-collecting agencies, such as the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) or Canada Revenue Agency, will be able to receive income taxes owed to them from investors’ earnings.

An international depository receipt (IDR) is a negotiable certificate that banks issue. It represents ownership in the stock of a foreign company that the bank holds in trust. International depository receipts are also known as American Depository Receipt (ADR) in the U.S. ADRs represent stocks of quality issuers in a number of developed and emerging markets. In Europe, IDRs are known as Global Depository Receipts, and trade on the London, Luxembourg, and Frankfurt exchanges. IDR can also specifically refer to Indian Depository Receipts (IDRs). read more

Open source refers to a program with source code that can be modified or enhanced by anyone. Open source grants users of an application permission to fix broken links, enhance the design, or improve the original code. Open source software (OSS) is an example of a kind of open collaboration that can broaden design perspectives far more than a single company or design work group. Open source practices can also lead to considerable savings.

A withholding tax is an amount that an employer withholds from employees’ wages and pays directly to the government. The amount withheld is a credit against the income taxes the employee must pay during the year. It also is a tax levied on income (interest and dividends) from securities owned by a nonresident alien, as well as other income paid to nonresidents of a country. Withholding tax is levied on the vast majority of people who earn income from a trade or business in the United States.

A hara-kiri swap is an interest rate or cross-currency swap devoid of profit potential for the originator. The term became popular in the 1980s when Japanese banks and brokers were offerings very attractive rates in order to obtain business from mostly foreign companies. In Japan, hara-kiri is a form of slow ritual suicide. The swaps were dubbed hara-kiri because not making a profit on these types of transactions was viewed as financial suicide.

Greenwashing is the process of conveying a false impression or providing misleading information about how a company’s products are more environmentally sound. Greenwashing is considered an unsubstantiated claim to deceive consumers into believing that a company’s products are environmentally friendly.